Peptide library

A 15-amino-acid fragment of a stomach protein, studied mostly in rats for gut, tendon, ligament and muscle healing.

Pentadeca arginate (PDA): marketed as a BPC-157 relative. No published studies of PDA itself were found.

Sold as a synthetic version or fragment of thymosin beta-4, a protein that helps cells move to and rebuild injured tissue.

A copper-binding tripeptide found in blood that falls with age, best known in skin creams for collagen and repair.

A copper tripeptide (Ala-His-Lys) related to GHK-Cu, sold mainly for hair growth.

An 8-amino-acid cosmetic peptide sold as a "topical Botox" for expression lines, a longer version of Argireline.

The last three amino acids of alpha-MSH (Lys-Pro-Val), studied as an anti-inflammatory for the gut and skin.

A 3-amino-acid Khavinson “bioregulator” (Ala-Glu-Asp) said to support cartilage and connective tissue.

The only human cathelicidin: an antimicrobial peptide made by skin and immune cells, often raised by vitamin D.

A small peptide built from erythropoietin (EPO) that keeps EPO’s tissue-protective effect without raising red blood cells.

A once-weekly GLP-1 agonist that lowers appetite, slows the stomach and improves blood sugar.

A once-weekly dual GIP and GLP-1 agonist; on average more weight loss than semaglutide.

A once-weekly triple agonist (GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon) with the largest weight loss seen so far in trials.

A once-weekly long-acting amylin analog, usually studied combined with semaglutide (CagriSema).

A once-weekly amylin-receptor agonist from Lilly that produced GLP-1-like weight loss on its own in a phase 2 trial.

A once-daily pill from Eli Lilly: a small-molecule (non-peptide) GLP-1 agonist that needs no fasting and no water rules.

A once-weekly dual agonist of the glucagon and GLP-1 receptors, studied for obesity and fatty liver disease (MASH).

A once-weekly dual agonist of the GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, from Innovent (China) and Lilly (rest of world).

Maridebart cafraglutide: a monthly injection that links a GLP-1 agonist to an antibody that blocks the GIP receptor.

One molecule that activates both GLP-1 and amylin receptors, tested as a weekly injection and a daily pill. Newer papers call it zenagamtide.

The first GLP-1 approved for weight loss; injected daily.

Made from the amino acids lysine and methionine and found mostly in red meat; it carries fatty acids into mitochondria to be burned.

A “lipotropic” injection: usually methionine, inositol and choline (MIC) plus L-carnitine, often with vitamin B12. Weight-loss clinics give it weekly.

Vitamin B12 shots. They treat deficiency; there is no good evidence that they add energy or burn fat when B12 is normal.

A modified piece of growth hormone (amino acids 176–191) meant to keep GH’s fat-burning effect without its other effects. "HGH Frag 176-191" is sold as a separate product but is essentially the same peptide.

A small-molecule NNMT inhibitor that shrank fat in obese mice without them eating less.

An oral triple reuptake inhibitor (dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin), first tested for Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, that cut appetite strongly.

An “exercise mimetic” that switches on the endurance-exercise program in mouse muscle.

A peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA that acts like an exercise signal for muscle metabolism.

The first 29 amino acids of growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH): it tells the pituitary to release its own GH.

Sermorelin with four amino acids swapped so it lasts about 30 minutes instead of a few; usually paired with ipamorelin.

A GHRH analog with a “drug affinity complex” that binds albumin, stretching its action from minutes to about a week.

A ghrelin-mimicking peptide that releases GH with little effect on cortisol, prolactin or appetite.

A stabilized full-length GHRH analog, approved to reduce visceral (deep belly) fat.

A strong synthetic ghrelin mimetic that releases a large GH pulse, with some rise in cortisol and prolactin.

The original synthetic GH-releasing hexapeptide, known for a strong hunger surge.

The most potent GHRP for GH release, with notable heart effects in studies and fast loss of response with daily use.

An oral ghrelin mimetic taken once a day that raises GH and IGF-1 around the clock.

Growth hormone itself: the 191-amino-acid hormone the pituitary makes, rather than a peptide that tells the pituitary to release it.

The main male sex hormone, given as injections (cypionate, enanthate), gels or pellets to men with low testosterone and symptoms.

The main estrogen, given as a patch, gel or pill (or vaginal cream, tablet or ring) to ease menopause symptoms.

Micronized progesterone, the body-identical form, taken by mouth with estrogen to keep the uterine lining thin and safe.

Human chorionic gonadotropin: acts like LH on the testes, so it keeps testosterone and sperm production going, including on TRT.

An oral estrogen blocker that raises the body’s own LH, FSH and testosterone while keeping sperm counts, unlike TRT.

Synthetic GnRH, the brain’s signal to the pituitary to release LH and FSH; used on TRT as a substitute for hCG.

An aromatase inhibitor: it blocks the conversion of testosterone to estradiol, used on TRT to lower high estradiol.

An oral estrogen blocker. It is a mix of two forms, enclomiphene and zuclomiphene, and it raises testosterone in men through the brain’s LH and FSH signals.

A selective estrogen receptor modulator: it blocks estrogen in breast tissue. Men use it off-label to treat or prevent gynecomastia and sometimes after a testosterone or steroid cycle.

A thymus peptide that tunes T-cell and dendritic-cell function; one of the best-studied immune peptides.

Vasoactive intestinal peptide, a gut and nerve hormone that calms inflammation, relaxes blood vessels and airways.

A mix of short peptides from calf thymus, developed in the Soviet Union (Khavinson) as an immune regulator.

A small peptide that binds cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane and keeps the energy machinery working.

A 4-amino-acid peptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) from Russian aging research, based on a pineal gland extract.

A 3-amino-acid Khavinson “bioregulator” (Lys-Glu-Asp, KED) aimed at blood vessel walls.

The cell’s main energy-transfer molecule, which falls with age; taken by injection, IV or as oral precursors (NR, NMN).

The body’s main antioxidant: a small tripeptide of three amino acids (glutamate, cysteine, glycine) made in every cell and highest in the liver.

A designed peptide that makes senescent (“zombie”) cells self-destruct: a senolytic.

A mitochondria-encoded peptide that protects cells from stress; levels fall with age.

A nasal peptide built from a fragment of ACTH, used for focus, memory and stroke recovery.

A nasal peptide based on tuftsin, used as a non-sedating anti-anxiety agent.

Delta sleep-inducing peptide: a natural brain peptide studied in the 1980s for insomnia.

An angiotensin IV analog designed as an anti-dementia drug; very potent at growing new synapses in rats.

A mix of small peptides and amino acids from pig brain, said to act like the brain’s own growth factors.

A 3-amino-acid Khavinson “bioregulator” (Glu-Asp-Arg) said to support brain cells.

A 4-amino-acid Khavinson “bioregulator” (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro) modeled on brain-cortex extracts, sold for brain and nerve support.

Omberacetam: a small molecule built from a two-amino-acid (dipeptide) backbone, used as a nootropic tablet. Related to piracetam but taken in milligrams.

A melanocortin agonist that increases sexual desire through the brain, not blood flow.

A potent synthetic alpha-MSH analog used for tanning, which also affects libido and appetite.

Afamelanotide, a long-acting alpha-MSH analog that darkens the skin: the approved, milder cousin of Melanotan II.

The hormone at the top of the reproductive axis: it triggers GnRH, then LH and FSH, and so testosterone or ovulation.

The bonding hormone: studied as a nasal spray for social connection, anxiety, libido and appetite.

A splice variant of IGF-1 made in stressed muscle that activates muscle stem cells; PEG-MGF is a longer-lasting form.

The body’s own myostatin blocker. Follistatin-344 is the longer form that is processed into the circulating protein; it is sold as a research protein for muscle growth.

An engineered IGF-1 that escapes its binding proteins, so it is far stronger and lasts about a day.